情侣自驾面包车环游中国走红 公安涉嫌非法改装

The response of bird species to external disturbances has variability. The concept of resilience mainly refers to the system's ability to resist, adapt and recover from disturbances, and is applicable to the study of characteristic differences in bird responses to disturbance. The Qilihai Wetland, located in Tianjin, was developed and operated as a wetland park from 2009 to 2015. At the end of 2015, the park was closed and the facilities were dismantled, and then wetland restoration and strict protection were implemented. The bird survey data during pre-development period, park development and tourism activity period, ecological restoration and strict management period were used to analyze the response of birds to the disturbance of tourism development activities. We defined the birds' response grade according to their stay or departure performance, and analyzed the correlation between the grades and biological traits. The results show that: (1) the number of bird species in the three stages of the Qilihai Wetland is 190, 159 and 175 respectively, showing a decreasing and then increasing trend; (2) the response of birds to tourism disturbance can be categorized into five types: 30 species that stay continuously, 39 species that temporarily leave and return, 72 species that return after disturbance removal, 55 species that permanently leave, and 51 new species that move in after habitat restoration; (3) The first four types of disturbance response levels are set to 4~1, respectively，single factor and multiple linear regression analysis of bird species traits and disturbance response levels showed a significant positive correlation between clutch size and disturbance response level, indicating strong resilience; waterfowls, wading birds, omnivores, and birds with floating nests are more resilient; birds with ground nests and woven nests are less resilient; (4) the abundance of food resources is an important factor affecting the site fidelity of birds, and the site fidelity of birds with off-ground nests are relatively high.